July 8, 2026

S8, Ep 49: Mastering the Cast: Mac Brown's Insights on Shooting Line

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Episode Overview

How do skilled fly casters actually maximize distance by shooting line, and why do most anglers overestimate how well they have mastered it? On this Casting Angles segment of The Articulate Fly fly fishing podcast, host Marvin Cash reconnects with Master Casting Instructor Mac Brown of Mac Brown Fly Fish in Bryson City, North Carolina, for a deep dive into the mechanics of shooting line.

Drawing on college-level research using high-speed cameras and strobe lights, Mac explains why the vast majority of anglers who claim they shoot line well are really only releasing a foot or two rather than developing true mastery of the skill. The conversation covers how to slip line out efficiently before a cast even begins, using a roll-cast pickup to shoot line on both the pickup and the back cast so a caster can go from a modest working distance to 90 feet or more in a single sequence. Mac also unpacks why an elliptical stroke, such as a Belgian or constant-tension cast, is far more efficient for shooting line on the back cast than the vertical stroke used for accuracy casting, since the rod can point directly at the unrolling line.

A key technical thread running through the episode is the importance of holding the running line in an "okay" symbol grip between the thumb and index finger, which reduces line oscillation through the stripping guide from several feet down to just a few inches and produces significantly more shooting distance. Marvin and Mac close by discussing a simple self-assessment drill anglers can use to honestly measure their own progress, along with details on Mac's fall casting school offerings.

Key Takeaways

  • How to shoot more line on both the pickup and the back cast by using a roll-cast pickup so a single forward delivery can reach up to 90 feet.
  • Why holding the running line in an "okay" symbol grip between the thumb and index finger reduces line oscillation through the stripping guide and produces significantly greater shooting distance.
  • How to slip line out efficiently on an up-and-across drift by feeding line back out rather than retrieving all the way in before recasting.
  • Why an elliptical stroke, such as a Belgian or constant-tension cast, shoots line more efficiently on the back cast than the vertical stroke used for accuracy casting.
  • How to honestly assess mastery of shooting line by measuring the single-cast distance gain from a fixed starting length rather than trusting subjective confidence.
  • When to isolate shooting line on the forward cast alone as a practice drill before combining it with the back cast.

Techniques & Gear Covered

The episode centers on the mechanics of shooting line, including the difference between shooting on the forward cast and the back cast and how stroke shape changes the amount of line a caster can release. Mac details the "okay" symbol grip for controlling running line, the roll-cast pickup as a method for shooting line before the delivery stroke even begins, and the pause-power-path framework (the "three P's") that underlies casting mechanics generally. He also references the Belgian cast and constant-tension cast as elliptical-stroke techniques suited to shooting large amounts of line on the back cast, a style more commonly associated with saltwater casting.

FAQ / Key Questions Answered

What does it mean to "shoot line" in fly casting?

Shooting line means releasing slack line from the non-casting hand during the forward or back cast so the line travels farther. Mac Brown explains that nearly every angler believes they already shoot line effectively, but letting a foot or two slip out is very different from developing the mechanics needed to shoot 30 feet or more with a single stroke.

How can I get more line out before I even start my delivery cast?

Rather than retrieving line all the way back in on an upstream drift and then trying to recast the full distance, feed line back out as the fly drifts toward and past you so you maintain most of your working distance. Using a roll-cast pickup also lets you shoot additional line right on the pickup itself, then shoot again on the back cast, setting up a much bigger forward delivery.

Why should I hold my running line in an "okay" symbol grip instead of just letting it go?

Holding the line between the thumb and index finger reduces the oscillation of the line as it travels through the small stripping guide, from roughly 3 to 5 feet of movement down to just 3 to 5 inches. Mac's college-level research with high-speed cameras showed this controlled release produces significantly more shooting distance than simply releasing the line freely.

How do I know if I have actually mastered shooting line?

Start at a fixed distance, such as 30 feet, and measure how far a single back cast and forward cast can carry the line. If the total only increases to 35 or 40 feet, Mac says that indicates the caster has not developed real mastery, since anglers with genuine skill can add significantly more distance in that single sequence.

Why is an elliptical stroke better than a vertical stroke for shooting line on the back cast?

An elliptical stroke, such as a Belgian cast or constant-tension cast, keeps the rod pointed at the unrolling line throughout the stroke, which is far more efficient for shooting line. A vertical stroke used for accuracy casting bends the line's path over more of an angle, which limits how much line can be released on the back cast.

Related Content

S7, Ep 16 - Simplifying Complexity: Effective Teaching Strategies in Fly Fishing with Mac Brown

S8, Ep 45 - Casting Fundamentals: Mac Brown on the Art of the Reach Mend

S7, Ep 20 - Practice Makes Perfect: Mac Brown on Mastering Casting Techniques

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Marvin Cash

Hey, folks, it's Marvin Cash, the host of The Articulate Fly. We're back with another Casting Angles with the man himself, Mac Brown. Mac, how are you?

Mac Brown

I'm doing great. How are you doing, Marvin?

Marvin Cash

Yeah, just trying to stay out of trouble and, you know, stay cool. It's not as bad as it was around the fourth, but it's still pretty darn warm here in the mid Atlantic.

Mac Brown

Yeah, it's been. It's been pretty warm here for a couple of weeks, it seems like. So we're ready for cooler days ahead.

Marvin Cash

Yeah. And so it kind of was kind of funny.We were talking before we started recording, and it's like, you know, there's really, you know, unless you're willing to go really, really, really high, kind of tough to fish for trout. And, you know, we've talked a lot about switching and chasing bass and panfish and smallmouth and all that sort of stuff.But, you know, one of the things Mac wanted to talk about this time is we wanted to talk about shooting line. Right, Mac?

Mac Brown

Yeah, I just thought that'd be a good topic. Getting back to casting angles and talking about some things that'll. It'll help people.And that's been something that, you know, I was real interested in years ago at the college. I ran all kinds of studies about shooting line and.And just the perception of the ideology that people that think they are doing it and the difference of doing it and developing any kind of mastery at it is two different things.And so I just think it's a really good topic because even with something that, you know, say a cast that doesn't have the sufficient line speed, maybe the timing was off the synergy somewhere. The synergy was broken. And even a bad cast will take a little bit of line. So then you ask the student, are you. Are you shooting line?And Everybody will say, 100%, yeah, I'm shooting line. So whether that means one inch or 30ft or 40ft, everybody's doing it.So then my point is, if everybody's doing it, it's like everybody's a winner and going to get a trophy, then there's no incentive to really learn it. So I thought, well, this would be a great topic for this evening just to address some of the things with shooting line.

Marvin Cash

Yeah.And so, like, at a really basic level, you know, we can talk about what shooting line is, but also that you can do it on the forward and the back cast, right?

Mac Brown

Yeah. It works out a little better for the back cast using an elliptical stroke, just because the Rod can point at it.In other words, you know, vertical stroke, like turning the casters, like doing accuracy. Shooting line doesn't work out so well going over a right angle, if that makes any sense.So a Belgian cast, for instance, constant tension cast, because the line's pointing at the unrolling line, like you see in saltwater a lot.Much more efficient because you can shoot great amounts of line in the back cast, but you're not going to shoot great amounts of line in the back cast with a vertical stroke. So, yeah, you can do it, but some things have to change.

Marvin Cash

Yeah. And then, you know, so we talk about that.And so, you know, then we talk about, like, the difference between, you know, shooting four or five feet a line or maybe less, but then also being able to, you know, a lot of good casters. Right. Once you get the head out, they can shoot the rest of the running line. Right.And so the trick is, what are those things that you need to do to start maximizing the distance that you can shoot? Line.

Mac Brown

Yeah, let's talk about that. So the first thing would be, how do you get some line out?

Marvin Cash

Like, if you.

Mac Brown

Let's think you're throwing a fly up and across stream, fly floats back to you how much you continue to stay with that drift. A lot of times you'll see people do this upstream, and they'll pick it up to go right back upstream. It's a lot easier, you know, if you're gonna say.Say you're throwing 40ft up and across. It's a lot easier to let that, you know, shorten it up, then feed line back out so you maintain 30, 40ft.But if you're doing it traditionally, you know, like upstream, traditional method would be like retrieve line, retrieve line, retrieve line, and then try to go back to 40. Now you're starting out with only 10ft, you know what I mean? Or 10 or 15ft, depending on the water quality of, you know, is it a rapid.Is it still water? If it's still water, you're going to pick it up way earlier than that and be going further than 40 to start with. So.So I guess the trick is learning how to slip line out before you ever get started. If you use a roll cast pickup, you can. You can shoot more line out right on the pickup itself.Shoot line on the back cast, and then go big on the next forward delivery. So it's like a pickup, a back cast, both of those entailed shooting line. And now let it rock and roll and let it go.And when you do that in that kind of sequence, you can go up to 90ft, you know what I mean? Like, you could sit there and easily let it all go and boom, you're. You went big, you know.But the problem is, like, I just know from the college programs years ago, when you did assessments and asked people, well, Marvin, how you doing? Shooting line? Everybody was telling me they had it down.And of course, I think it's just one of those things that tricks people because if they let a foot or two go or five feet go, they think they've got it. And I'm like, no, you don't have it until you.I'll tell you a good, A really good way to tell if people are getting mastery with it is this is start out with, say, 30ft and then measure what you can go to with a single back cast and forward cast. And if it's still at like 35 or 40, you probably don't have it. Does that make sense?And that, that, that's just a simple clue to get people motivated to want to go more.

Marvin Cash

Yeah, but I think the trick is let's help people a little bit more and kind of tell them mechanically what they need. Right. So we talked about this before we started recording. We're talking about having really good stops. Right.And we're talking about basically, for lack of a better word, kind of like the geometry of the fly line going through the fly rod. Right. And the guides.

Mac Brown

Right.

Marvin Cash

And so, you know, you want to kind of expound on that a little bit. Cause, I mean, just telling people that they. They're going to go out there and do it and they're not going to know what to do.They're just going to know they're not going to hit the mark.

Mac Brown

But they don't know how to do a lesson, too.

Marvin Cash

That's.

Mac Brown

That's the selling pitch, Marvin. We got to get to that.

Marvin Cash

I got that. I was going to do that later.I was going to set it up, and we're going to tell people to hurry up and come because you're going to take August to go goof off somewhere, right?

Mac Brown

Yeah, probably so. But. But is a good point. But yeah, I mean, all these things come together when we say synergy and developing line speed and proper mechanics and.Or the loop legs parallel, and it goes on and on and on. I mean, all those things given. Have to come together with what we're talking about.This is not just a sliver because this is also a big part of the big picture. Okay. All I'm trying to Say, about bringing this whole shooting line thing up is there's more.And the reason I say because there's more is because I've worked with a lot of people that are like, brand new and a lot of people that are traveling the world on exotic destinations. And the reality is, if we surveyed all of them over the years, I would say a hundred percent of them say they've already got the technique.And the reason I think it's a hot topic is to say that it's something that you're going to keep working at with shooting line your whole lifetime and it's going to get better and better and better. The better everything else gets with it. Okay. And I think. Does that kind of make sense?So, I mean, what you were saying about how do we get people there when we go back into talking about, you know, you said stopping points. Well, is the fundamental movement. Is the movement enhancing it or hurting it? You follow me? There's all these other things that go on.Is the timing excellent or is it poor? I mean, we could break it down to why it works. It doesn't work with just three things with pause, power, path. But does that kind of.Does that kind of make sense?

Marvin Cash

Yeah, it does. I mean, I was just going to try to maybe give people kind of a little bit of a drill.And I would say something, I mean, and you know, gosh, please chime in because you know more about it than I do. But I would say if you wanted to drill it, don't shoot on the back cast and just practice shooting on the forward cast. Right.And so we talk about the three P's, but, you know, when you get that stop, right?And the lines going out, you know, we talked about, you know, holding the line kind of, you know, when the okay symbol in your hand to get the best distance, you know, you want that fly line is parallel, you know, to the fly rod on the stop as you can, so that it's not having to, you know, climb over a guide and go out. Cause that's going to really kill your distance, right?

Mac Brown

That's right. You want to point the rod like where you're shooting it and. No, that's a good point. And the reason we hold. Let's talk about that real quick, too.Cause you brought up a good point.We talked about it before we started and we were talking about, you know, you want to make just an okay symbol with your line hand between your thumb and index finger.And the reason we do that, a lot of people will say, well, Marvin, that's So you can stop it in case you're going to throw your tarpon fly in the mangroves or hit a rhododendron if you're trout fishing in Appalachia. But the real reason we do it is if you just let go of it.If you have a lot, if you develop some adequate line speed, the line's jumping all over the place. If you look at it on film, which I did that a lot at the college with high speed cameras and strobe lights years ago and did a study on.When I was doing the fly line study and we did a big study on shooting line. And what happens is we're talking 3 to 4 foot of oscillations of line trying to go through a stripping eyelet.That's what is it, 10 millimeters roughly at the top, the first strip and eyelet. So the problem is all that line has to go through a little tiny hole. And when you hold it in your. Okay. Symbol, you've.You've reduced those oscillations to 3 to 5 inches instead of like 3 to 5ft. And that's the real reason we hold it and slip it through that okay. Symbol. Of course, you also get the added advantage.You could stop it if you wanted.But the real reason for distance is you're going to get much greater distance because you don't have these huge oscillations going through a small hole.

Marvin Cash

Yeah. And you won't wrap it around the butt of the rod either. And so this will be the place, Mac, where I'll let you go sell it. Right.Because I know you might have a few like short workshops, but you're empty in August and then kind of gearing back up in the fall. So if people want to work on shooting line with you, where should they go? And all that kind of good stuff.And also prime the pump for the fall classes.

Mac Brown

Yeah, that sounds like a good idea. We have a bunch of that on the, on the website. It's pretty easy to get to under the menu of, of it's called Masterclass Fly Casting Workshop.And it breaks down the, the three of them that we do. The, the first one is called a Fly Casting Mastery Workshop.For those that already have a lot of those fundamentals down and they're pretty solid at casting. We have a spey elite casting clinic in the fall as well. And there's a saltwater masterclass as well. So it just depends what they're into, you know.But I would say there is a hierarchy. I mean, to all of it. Like there Kind of is because, I mean, the saltwater stuff, we're jumping into a lot more.I wouldn't call it advanced concepts, but they need to have some rock solid fundamentals already. So, in other words, the progression would be the first one. The casting Mastery workshop. And it's hard to.It's kind of hard to funnel everybody in the right space, if that makes any sense, Marvin. But the reality is we got to come up with, you know, a decent fundamental cast before we jump into a saltwater class, is what I'm trying to say.There's no point of talking about double hauling and all the other topics we cover if they can't form a decent loop already at 30ft, you know.

Marvin Cash

Yeah, I was going to say you can't cast 90 if you can't cast 30.

Mac Brown

Well, that's kind of why there has to be a hierarchy. So if somebody's interested in those, I mean, I would say make sure they do the fundamental one first, you know what I mean?Because then we know that's down.And something that we've been working at a lot is went back and took all the student handout curriculums and things we used to use at the college programs and a lot of these clinics over the last four decades, and there's like seven handouts for these. These courses. And it's like, then there's student assessment. There's all kinds of stuff.When they sign up, they get all these things to read beforehand and hopefully get familiar with some of the concepts before they show up. You know, that's the. That's the idea.

Marvin Cash

Yeah, absolutely.And so I would say, folks, if you have a question for me or Mac, you know, email me or DM me and you might hear us talk about it on another casting angles, you know, also, on the housekeeping side of things, I would say, if you like the podcast, please tell a friend to subscribe and leave us a rating review in the podcast app of your choice. Because in the age of AI, it's more important than ever.And as it's getting hot, I would say, you know, fish early, fish late, fish farm ponds, and get out there and catch a few tight lines, everybody. Tight lines, Mac.

Mac Brown

Tight lines, Marvin.